{"id":1200,"date":"2021-11-23T07:18:43","date_gmt":"2021-11-23T06:18:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/monblogeur.tech\/index.php\/2021\/11\/23\/opinion-ok-but-what-should-we-actually-do-about-facebook-i-asked-the-experts-the-new-york-times\/"},"modified":"2021-11-23T07:18:43","modified_gmt":"2021-11-23T06:18:43","slug":"opinion-ok-but-what-should-we-actually-do-about-facebook-i-asked-the-experts-the-new-york-times","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/monblogeur.tech\/index.php\/2021\/11\/23\/opinion-ok-but-what-should-we-actually-do-about-facebook-i-asked-the-experts-the-new-york-times\/","title":{"rendered":"Opinion | OK, but What Should We Actually Do About Facebook? I Asked the Experts. &#8211; The New York Times"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"cfbc967f0983488262956e73eca9483a\" data-index=\"1\" style=\"float: none; margin:10px 0 10px 0; text-align:center;\">\n<script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-3859091246952232\" crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- blok -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\" data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-3859091246952232\" data-ad-slot=\"1334354390\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\r\n\n<\/div>\n<p>Advertisement<br \/>Supported by<br \/>Farhad Manjoo<br \/><strong>Send any friend a story<\/strong><br \/>As a subscriber, you have <strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">10 gift articles<\/strong> to give each month. Anyone can read what you share.<br \/><span class=\"byline-prefix\">By <\/span><span class=\"css-1baulvz last-byline\" itemprop=\"name\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/by\/farhad-manjoo\" class=\"css-mrorfa e1jsehar0\">Farhad Manjoo<\/a><\/span><br \/>Opinion Columnist<br \/>One of the most unsettling revelations in the cache of internal documents leaked by the former Facebook employee Frances Haugen has been just how little we know about Facebook, and consequently how unprepared our political culture is to do anything about it, whatever <em class=\"css-2fg4z9 e1gzwzxm0\">it<\/em> is.<br \/>That\u2019s the first problem in fixing Facebook \u2014 there isn\u2019t much agreement about what, exactly, the problem with Facebook is. The left says it\u2019s Facebook\u2019s amplification of hate, extremism and misinformation about, among other things, vaccines and the last presidential election. President Biden <a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/07\/16\/us\/politics\/biden-facebook-social-media-covid.html\" title=\"\">put<\/a> it bluntly this summer: \u201cThey\u2019re killing people.\u201d<br \/>Former President Donald Trump and others on the right say the opposite: Social media giants are run by liberals bent on silencing opposing views. In a statement last week, Trump <a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"https:\/\/news.yahoo.com\/trump-attacked-mark-zuckerberg-angry-102736395.html\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">called<\/a> Mark Zuckerberg, Facebook\u2019s co-founder, \u201ca criminal\u201d who altered \u201cthe course of a Presidential Election.\u201d<br \/>Beyond concerns about the distortion of domestic politics, there are a number of other questions about Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp \u2014 all of which, Zuckerberg announced last week, are now under a new corporate umbrella called <a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/10\/28\/technology\/facebook-meta-name-change.html\" title=\"\">Meta<\/a>. Is Instagram contributing to anxiety and body-shaming among teenagers? Are Facebook\u2019s outrage-juicing algorithms destabilizing developing countries, where the company <a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/video\/facebook-foreign-impact-60-minutes\/#x\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">employs fewer resources<\/a> to monitor its platform than it does in its large markets? Is Facebook perpetuating racism through biased algorithms? Is it the cause of global polarization, splitting societies into uncooperative in-groups?<br \/>Inherent in these concerns is a broader worry \u2014 Facebook\u2019s alarming power. The company is among the largest collectors of humanity\u2019s most private information, one of the planet\u2019s most-trafficked sources of news, and it seems to possess the ability, in some degree, to alter public discourse. Worse, essentially all of Facebook\u2019s power is vested in Zuckerberg alone. This feels intolerable; as the philosopher Kanye West put it, \u201cNo one man should have all that power.\u201d<br \/>So, what to do about all this? In the past few days I asked more than a dozen experts this question. Here are some of their top ideas, and what I think about them.<br \/>Under the tech-friendly Obama administration, the Justice Department and the Federal Trade Commission allowed Facebook to swallow up quick-growing potential rivals. Splitting Facebook into three or more independent companies would undo that regulatory misstep and instantly reduce Zuckerberg\u2019s power over global discourse.<br \/>It could also improve the tenor of social media, as the newly independent networks \u201cwould compete with each other by differentiating themselves as better and safer products,\u201d said Matt Stoller, the director of research at the American Economic Liberties Project, an antimonopoly advocacy group.<br \/>Still, as Stoller notes, a breakup might be a necessary measure, but it\u2019s hardly sufficient; competition notwithstanding, after a split we\u2019d be left with three networks that retain Facebook\u2019s mountainous data and its many corporate pathologies.<br \/>The breakup plan also faces steep hurdles. Over the last few decades American antitrust law has grown fecklessly friendly to corporations. It\u2019s unclear how to undo that. In June, <a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/06\/28\/technology\/facebook-ftc-lawsuit.html\" title=\"\">a federal judge threw out<\/a> sprawling antitrust cases against Facebook brought by the F.T.C. and 40 states, saying that they had failed to prove that Facebook is a social media monopoly.<br \/>Imposing rules for what Facebook can and cannot publish or amplify has been a hot topic among politicians. Democrats in Congress have introduced proposals to police misinformation on Facebook, while lawmakers in <a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"https:\/\/www.texastribune.org\/2021\/09\/02\/texas-social-media-censorship-legislature\/\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Texas<\/a> and <a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vox.com\/recode\/2021\/7\/1\/22558980\/florida-social-media-law-injunction-desantis\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Florida<\/a> have attempted to bar social media companies from kicking people off for speech offenses, among them Donald Trump.<br \/>As <a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/10\/27\/opinion\/facebook-regulation-section-230.html\" title=\"\">I wrote last week<\/a>, these policies give me the creeps, since they inevitably involve the government imposing rules on speech. Just about all of them <a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"http:\/\/cyberlaw.stanford.edu\/blog\/2021\/01\/six-constitutional-hurdles-platform-speech-regulation-0\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">seem to violate the First Amendment<\/a>.<br \/>Yet bizarrely, content rules have become the leading proposals for fixing Facebook; repeal of Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act \u2014 which limits tech platforms\u2019 liability for damages stemming from content posted by users \u2014 is often described as a panacea. Among the many ways to address Facebook\u2019s ills, speech rules are the least palatable.<br \/>Here is a seemingly obvious way to cut off Facebook at the knees: Prohibit it from collecting and saving the data it has on us, which would severely hamper its primary business, targeted advertising.<br \/>The rationale for this is straightforward. Imagine we determine that the societal harms generated by \u201csurveillance capitalism,\u201d the Harvard professor Shoshana Zuboff\u2019s aptly creepy label for the ad-tech business, pose a collective danger to public safety. In other such industries \u2014 automobiles, pharmaceuticals, financial products \u2014 we mitigate harms through heavy regulation; the digital ad industry, meanwhile, faces few limits on its conduct.<br \/>So let\u2019s change that. Congress could impose broad rules on how ad behemoths like Facebook and Google collect, save and use personal information. Perhaps more important, it could create a regulatory agency with resources to investigate and enforce the rules.<br \/>\u201cAt a minimum,\u201d said Roger McNamee, an early Facebook investor who is now one of its most vocal critics, regulators should ban second- and third-party uses of the most intimate data, \u201csuch as health, location, browser history and app data.\u201d<br \/>Privacy rules are one of the primary ways European regulators have attempted to curb social media\u2019s effects. So why don\u2019t we hear more about it in America?<br \/>I suspect it\u2019s because this is a bigger-than-Facebook solution. All the tech giants \u2014 <a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/074b881f-a931-4986-888e-2ac53e286b9d\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">even Apple<\/a>, which has <a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/apple-crackdown-iphone-user-tracking-4d6ea62d0adaf16413988ec6b35a13a8\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">criticized<\/a> the digital ad business\u2019s hunger for private data \u2014 make billions of dollars from ads, and there are lots of other companies that have grown dependent on ad targeting. When California attempted to improve consumer privacy, corporate <a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fastcompany.com\/90444501\/i-helped-draft-californias-new-privacy-law-heres-why-it-doesnt-go-far-enough\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">lobbyists pushed to get the rules watered down<\/a>. I worry that Congress wouldn\u2019t fare much better.<br \/>Nathaniel Persily, a professor at Stanford Law School, has a neat way of describing the most basic problem in policing Facebook: \u201cAt present,\u201d <a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"https:\/\/fsi-live.s3.us-west-1.amazonaws.com\/s3fs-public\/cpc-open_windows_np_v3.pdf\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Persily has written<\/a>, \u201cwe do not know even what we do not know\u201d about social media\u2019s effect on the world.<br \/>Persily proposes <a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/outlook\/2021\/10\/05\/facebook-research-data-haugen-congress-regulation\/\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">piercing the black box<\/a> before we do anything else. He has <a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dropbox.com\/s\/5my9r1t9ifebfz1\/Persily%20proposed%20legislation%2010%205%2021.docx?dl=0\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">written draft legislation<\/a> that would compel large tech platforms to provide to outside researchers a range of data about what users see on the service, how they engage with it, and what information the platform provides to advertisers and governments.<br \/>Rashad Robinson, president of the civil rights advocacy group Color of Change, favored another proposed law, <a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/bill\/117th-congress\/senate-bill\/1896\/text\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">the Algorithmic Justice and Online Platform Transparency Act<\/a>, which would also require that platforms release data about how they collect and use personal information about, among other demographic categories, users\u2019 race, ethnicity, sex, religion, gender identity, sexual orientation and disability status, in order to show whether their systems are being applied in discriminatory ways.<br \/>Tech companies savor secrecy, but other than their opposition, it\u2019s difficult to think of many downsides to transparency mandates. Even if we do nothing to change how Facebook operates, we should at least find out what it\u2019s doing.<br \/>Ren\u00e9e DiResta, the technical research manager at the Stanford Internet Observatory and a longtime scholar of the anti-vaccine movement\u2019s digital presence, described one idea as \u201cunsexy but important\u201d: Educating the public to resist believing everything they see online.<br \/>This is not just a thing for schools; some of the most <a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2019\/01\/10\/us\/politics\/facebook-fake-news-2016-election.html\" title=\"\">egregious amplifiers<\/a> of online mendacity are older people.<br \/>What we need, then, is something like a society-wide effort to teach people how to process digital information. For instance, Mike Caulfield, an expert on digital literacy at the University of Washington, has developed a four-step process called <a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"https:\/\/hapgood.us\/2019\/06\/19\/sift-the-four-moves\/\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">SIFT<\/a> to assess the veracity of information. After Caufield\u2019s process becomes ingrained in his students, he <a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"https:\/\/www.insidehighered.com\/blogs\/just-visiting\/getting-beyond-craap-test-conversation-mike-caulfield\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">has said<\/a>, \u201cwe\u2019re seeing students come to better judgments about sources and claims in 90 seconds than they used to in 20 minutes.\u201d<br \/>In his new book, \u201cTech Panic: Why We Shouldn\u2019t Fear Facebook and the Future,\u201d Robby Soave, an editor at Reason magazine, argues that the media and lawmakers have become too worked up about the dangers posed by Facebook.<br \/>He doesn\u2019t disagree that the company\u2019s rise has had some terrible effects, but he worries that some proposals could exacerbate Facebook\u2019s dominance \u2014 a point with which <a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2021\/10\/27\/opinion\/facebook-regulation-section-230.html\" title=\"\">I agree<\/a>.<br \/>The best remedy for Facebook, Soave told me in an email, is to \u201cdo nothing, and watch as Facebook gradually collapses on its own.\u201d<br \/>Soave\u2019s argument is not unreasonable. Once-indomitable tech companies have fallen before. Facebook still makes lots of money, but it has lost consumers\u2019 trust, its employees are upset and leaking left and right, and because most of its popular products were acquired through acquisitions \u2014 which regulators are likely to bar in the future \u2014 it seems unlikely to innovate its way out of its troubles.<br \/>I don\u2019t agree with Soave that we should do absolutely nothing about Facebook. I would favor strong privacy and transparency rules.<br \/>But Soave will probably get what he wants. As long as there\u2019s wide disagreement among politicians about how to address Facebook\u2019s ills, doing nothing may be the likeliest outcome.<br \/><em class=\"css-2fg4z9 e1gzwzxm0\">Farhad wants to <\/em><a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2019\/05\/16\/opinion\/farhad-office-hours.html?module=inline\" title=\"\"><em class=\"css-2fg4z9 e1gzwzxm0\">chat with readers on the phone<\/em><\/a><em class=\"css-2fg4z9 e1gzwzxm0\">. If you\u2019re interested in talking to a New York Times columnist about anything that\u2019s on your mind, please fill out this form. Farhad will select a few readers to call.<\/em><br \/><em class=\"css-2fg4z9 e1gzwzxm0\">The Times is committed to publishing <\/em><a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2019\/01\/31\/opinion\/letters\/letters-to-editor-new-york-times-women.html\" title=\"\"><em class=\"css-2fg4z9 e1gzwzxm0\">a diversity of letters<\/em><\/a><em class=\"css-2fg4z9 e1gzwzxm0\"> to the editor. We\u2019d like to hear what you think about this or any of our articles. Here are some <\/em><a class=\"css-1g7m0tk\" href=\"https:\/\/help.nytimes.com\/hc\/en-us\/articles\/115014925288-How-to-submit-a-letter-to-the-editor\" title=\"\"><em class=\"css-2fg4z9 e1gzwzxm0\">tips<\/em><\/a><em class=\"css-2fg4z9 e1gzwzxm0\">. 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Anyone can read what you share.By Farhad ManjooOpinion ColumnistOne of the most unsettling revelations in the cache of internal documents leaked by the former Facebook employee Frances Haugen has been just how little we know about Facebook, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"googlesitekit_rrm_CAow1sXXCw:productID":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1200","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-non-classe"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/monblogeur.tech\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1200","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/monblogeur.tech\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/monblogeur.tech\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monblogeur.tech\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monblogeur.tech\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1200"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/monblogeur.tech\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1200\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/monblogeur.tech\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1200"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monblogeur.tech\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1200"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/monblogeur.tech\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1200"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}