How to Fix Facebook – The New York Times

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This is a pivotal moment in Facebook’s history. Here are suggestions for how to improve the company.
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This is the most important moment in the history of Facebook. Hyperbole, perhaps, but only a little.
A former product manager at Facebook, Frances Haugen, captivated U.S. senators at a hearing on Tuesday with a nuanced diagnosis that the company needs to be saved from itself — for the good of all of us.
What felt different than Facebook’s 4 million previous scandals and congressional scoldings was Haugen’s focus on what she sees as the company’s foundational flaws of technical designs and corporate organization, and the messy but sophisticated discussions happening outside Facebook to improve the company.
Haugen said that Facebook stretched itself too thin to effectively confront harms like ethnic violence and human trafficking that had been tied to activity on its apps. She dissected the ways that Facebook’s fixation on getting us to spend more time online aggravated our worst impulses. And she hammered the message that the public shouldn’t be kept in the dark about what Facebook knew about its influence on us and our world.
The picture that emerged from recent Wall Street Journal reporting and Haugen’s media interviews was not of Facebook as a cartoonish James Bond villain. It was of a company that can’t control the machines that it built, but refuses to accept that reality.
“Facebook is stuck in a feedback loop that they can’t get out of,” Haugen told senators.
Some of what Haugen and Facebook critics have said about the company is probably overstated. And a lot of what Haugen said wasn’t new. But she is a laser-focused messenger at a time when people in power are ready to stop bickering and ask: What now? What should be done to maximize the good of Facebook and minimize the harm?
There are no magic fixes, but Haugen and many others have offered sound suggestions on what to try.
The most compelling idea from Haugen was that “engagement-based ranking” is an original sin of Facebook, YouTube, TikTok, Pinterest and other popular apps. When computers prioritize what we see online based on what is likely to captivate us and keep us around longer, they tend to fan the most salacious or extreme views, and subtly nudge people to post more of the same.
Haugen suggested, essentially, turning off the computer algorithms and making more of the internet gravitate toward designs like those of iMessage or past versions of Facebook and Instagram that showed posts in chronological order.
Kate Klonick, who has researched policies on online expression at internet companies, wrote in The New York Times that Facebook could redesign its websites to optimize holistic measures of the good things that it offers. Rather than focusing on metrics such as which posts are likely to get a ton of shares or likes, it could look at what is likely to lead you to attend a protest or give to a charitable cause.
Haugen and others have recommended changing U.S. law to hold Facebook responsible for real-world harms, including terrorist acts, resulting from posts that the company’s computer systems distributed to people’s feeds.
In a recent interview, Haugen also mentioned the idea of public representatives to oversee Facebook from the inside, similar to Federal Reserve examiners for large banks. She also backed the idea of regulations to force Facebook to work with researchers who want to study the company’s effects on users.
And Haugen suggested that many of Facebook’s worst moments, including its social network being used to fan ethnic violence, may be the result of having too few people to manage its ambitions. Should Facebook be forced to do less, like quitting countries unless the company devotes more resources to them and establishes cultural competence?
There are plenty of reasons to feel pessimistic. Facebook essentially told Congress — “YOU tell us what to do.” Yet, U.S. lawmakers and regulators have done little to tell Facebook how to better govern apps used by billions of humans.
A tech giant in trouble. The leak of internal documents by a former Facebook employee has provided an intimate look at the operations of the secretive social media company and renewed calls for better regulations of the company’s wide reach into the lives of its users.
How it began. In September, The Wall Street Journal published The Facebook Files, a series of reports based on leaked documents. The series exposed evidence that Facebook, which on Oct. 28 assumed the corporate name of Meta, knew Instagram, one of its products was worsening body-image issues among teenagers.
The whistle-blower. During an interview with “60 Minutes” that aired Oct. 3, Frances Haugen, a Facebook product manager who left the company in May, revealed that she was responsible for the leak of those internal documents.
Ms. Haugen’s testimony in Congress. On Oct. 5, Ms. Haugen testified before a Senate subcommittee, saying that Facebook was willing to use hateful and harmful content on its site to keep users coming back. Facebook executives, including Mark Zuckerberg, called her accusations untrue.
The Facebook Papers. Ms. Haugen also filed a complaint with the Securities and Exchange Commission and provided the documents to Congress in redacted form. A congressional staff member then supplied the documents, known as the Facebook Papers, to several news organizations, including The New York Times.
New revelations. Documents from the Facebook Papers show the degree to which Facebook knew of extremist groups on its site trying to polarize American voters before the election. They also reveal that internal researchers had repeatedly determined how Facebook’s key features amplified toxic content on the platform.
Facebook has said, correctly, that it strives to continually improve its apps and that doing so is a tricky exercise in trade-offs. Mark Zuckerberg on Tuesday rejected the (oversimplified) notion that his company chooses profits over people’s lives and well-being, and that the company ignores ideas for improvement.
Maybe none of the ideas tossed around to fix Facebook will be better than the status quo. But what felt fresh from Haugen was a message of hope: We need the best of Facebook, and we must work together to make it better.
More reading and listening:
Catch Sheera Frenkel’s analysis of the Facebook hearing on “The Daily,” and her key takeaways.
In New York Times Opinion: “I designed algorithms at Facebook. Here’s how to regulate them.”
And Kara Swisher writes, “It is up to the lawmakers to act, and act hard, since there is no countervailing power to Facebook except a government.”
Not creepy at all, nope: Venice is clogged with tourists again, and city leaders are collecting their cellphone data and monitoring them with surveillance cameras to spot crowds and, eventually, better manage the flow of visitors, my colleague Emma Bubola writes.
Do you need special protections when you use Wi-Fi at Starbucks? Maybe not, Brian X. Chen says. He suggests other ways to protect your web surfing in public places.
Snapchat added a feature to help encourage younger Americans run for public office, TechCrunch reported.
We can have civil and informative conversations on the internet! Your responses to Monday’s newsletter about online misinformation were thoughtful. You can read the comments here.
The people have spoken: Otis won the Fat Bear Week competition. (He was my favorite, too.)
We want to hear from you. Tell us what you think of this newsletter and what else you’d like us to explore. You can reach us at ontech@nytimes.com.
If you don’t already get this newsletter in your inbox, please sign up here. You can also read past On Tech columns.
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